Bullying laws Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Bullying laws - Research Paper Example During the process of stopping bullying, there are three major elements to the process: imposing high penalties for the bullying, educating the bullies and protecting the victims of bullying (San Antonio and Salzfass 32-38). Among the different courses that are likely to eliminate bullying, educating bullies can help eliminate the issue, because many of them may not be aware of how much damage, they cause by bullying their victims. The second is to punish them heavily, and this one will help in curbing bullying, because it will make the bullies stop the bullying, due to the fear of the penalties. The third channel of addressing the issue is through working with the victims of the bullying, where they are reminded of their worth and the need to be assertive to the bullies, without really being aggressive (McCallion and Feder 2). However, for these different solution channels to work, there is need to have a proper policy and legal framework defining what amounts to bullying, defining the penalties to be borne by bullies and to offer platforms for addressing the issue of bullying. ... The 2010 statistics, further, report that there has been an increment in cyber bullying levels, where the cyber space is offering a new and more concealable channel for bullying (Bullying Statistics 1). The problem is very common among children and teens, although cyber bullying is the most prevalent channel used during school hours and after school. The increased uptake of social networking services has also offered an entirely new environment for bullies to exercise their authority above their victims, where approximately 2.7 million studies are bullied by an estimated 2.1 million bullies, every year (Hinduja and Patchin 4). Due to the evidence of the wide occurrence of bullying, which can take place among peers, propagated by young on the aged or by older people on younger victims; it becomes clear that there is a need to have laws to address the issue. For example, there are documented cases where teachers have been bullying their students, where such cases warrant legal action ( Bullying Statistics (b) 1). These bullying laws will be aimed at preventing bullying, or addressing it after it takes place. Presently, the dominant laws covering this issue are state laws, but the inefficiencies of these in stopping bullying depict the need to develop national laws addressing the issue (Bullying Statistics (b) 1). Further, many of the laws against bullying are aimed at school audience, and many do not criminalize the practice of bullying. For that reason, situations of bullying are handled at the school and home level, and not allowed to proceed to the courts. For that reason, this paper takes the stand that there is a need to criminalize

Defining Activities And Principles Of Ethnography Essay

Defining Activities And Principles Of Ethnography - Essay Example "In it's most characteristic form it involves the ethnographer participating, overtly or covertly, in people's daily lives for an extended period of time, watching what happens, listening to what is said, asking questions - in fact, collecting whatever data are available to throw light on the issues that are the focus of the research. Equally, though, as we shall suggest later, there is a sense in which all social researchers are participant observers; and, as a result, the boundaries around ethnography are necessarily unclear" (Hammersley and Atkinson, 1995, Pg 1-2) One difficulty with the notion of ethnography is that it may seem a residual category. It is associated with the study of people not ourselves, and with the use of methods other than those of experimental design and quantitative measurement. Clearly not everything that is not experimental design and quantitative measurement should be considered ethnography, but a positive definition is not easy to provide. A major reason for the difficulty is that good ethnography has been produced under a great variety of conditions, by a great variety of persons, some of it before there was a profession to train such people, and professional training has been very much a matter of the transmission of a craft and of learning by doing-by personal experience (Gubrium & Holstein, 1997, Pg 67).It has not helped that some people talk as if the key to ethnography were a psychological experience, rather than the discovery of knowledge. It is clear that ethnography involves participation and observation. The earliest work that we recognize as important ethnography has generally the quality of being systematic in the sense of being comprehensive. To be sure, any and all early accounts of travelers, missionaries, government officials and the like that may contribute information and insight about the culture of the peoples of the world have been welcomed and gleaned for what they could provide (Agar, 1986, Pg 6-7). The Ethnographic Method It commences with assortment of a civilization, analysis of the writings affecting the ethnicity, and recognition of variables of concern -- normally variables supposed as important by associates of the society. The ethnographer then goes about gaining entry, which in rolls sets the phase for cultural immersion of the ethnographer in the society. It is not strange for ethnographers to exist in the society for months or even years. The middle phases of the ethnographic technique engross increasing informers, using them to increase yet additional informants in a succession procedure, and collection of information in the shape of observational transcription and conference footage. Statistical examination and hypothesis progress come at the conclusion, although suppositions might come out from civilizing fascination and theory-expression by associates of the society. (Fetterman, 1989, Pg 22-23) However, the ethnographic researcher strives to avoid theoretical preconceptions and instead t o induce